Comparison of cardiogenic NEC and classical NEC in the fourth level neonatal intensive care center

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Abstract

Background
The most common inflammatory gastrointestinal disorder in newborn infants is necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Despite the multifactorial etiology of NEC, its pathogenesis is the same regardless of the etiology—a decrease in enteric perfusion that results in enteritis, dysmotility, necrosis, and sepsis. This study aims to evaluate whether the characteristics of NEC in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) are different from those of classical NEC.
Results
The cardiogenic NEC group consisted of 25 patients, and the classical NEC group consisted of 14 patients. The results indicate that there were no differences between the two groups in terms of sex, mode of delivery, and location of the NEC. There were higher levels of gestational age, birth weight, and age at which NEC was diagnosed in the cardiogenic group. The mortality rate of the cardiogenic NEC group (72%) was higher than that of the classical NEC group (28.6%). In addition, the surgical treatment rate of the cardiogenic NEC group (84%) was higher than that of the classical NEC group (57.2%).
Conclusions
The clinical course of NECs with CHD is different from that of classical NEC. In NEC, CHD can be identified as an important risk factor.

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